What is plastic additive? What are the common plastic additive that are being used the most today?

What is plastic additive?

These are compounds, either inorganic or organic, derived from nature or synthesized. They will alter the properties or add new properties to the pure plastic. Depending on the requirements of the output product, the manufacturer will mix the resin with the plastic additive masterbatch in a certain ratio and then produce a mixture of materials. Underwent processing such as casting, compression, pressing ... the initial mixture is created with the desired product shape.

Different additives when mixed with plastic beads will give plastic different properties, such as increasing toughness, good insulation, creating shine ... Adding additive to plastic not only makes plastic objects lighter in block. quality, but the color is also improved, the quality to the user is also more assured. That is the reason that 90% of plastic goods in the world use additives, because pure plastic basically does not have the properties such as tough, durable, hard ... but it must be combined with additives. Long-lasting use when exposed to the rigorous conditions of surrounding environment.

What are the most commonly used plastic additive today?

Anti-stick additives (anti block)

Adhesion can adversely affect the machining and application of the film, sometimes making the film unusable. In order to reduce the contact between the films and prevent attraction, an additive to the surface of the film is roughened to create a stretching effect, which is an anti-stick plastic additive.

Non-stick plastic additive must be highly efficient and exhibit reliable quality and stability, having little or no effect on film properties, especially LLDPE and LDPE films. , people use anti-stick agents and slip additives together with polymer to create a processing environment suitable for films.

The main ingredients of anti-stick plastic additive are usually: synthetic silicon dioxide (SiO2) (smoked silicon, gel silicon, zeolite) or natural and mineral SiO2 (clay, diatomite, quartz, talc powder). Synthetic materials have the advantage of not having a crystalline state (chalk dust phenomenon), while natural materials do. Therefore, when using natural materials, special treatment is required to reduce chalk dust and also need a different printing method.

In terms of safety, non-stick additives as well as other plastic additive are harmless to the end consumer, in accordance with state regulations on food-related products.

Products are often stuck together: packaging, plastic ...

Criteria for choosing anti-stick plastic additive:

  • Particle size: Affects the additive performance and the physical properties of the end product.
  • Surface: Affects the film's friction coefficient and wear level of the device.
  • Specific gravity: Indicates the relative weight of the product.
  • Density: Affects the quality of the end product.

Common types of anti-stick plastic additives:

  • Diatomaceous earth
  • Talc
  • Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
  • Synthetic silicas and silicates

 

 

Additives in

During the processing process, a number of factors can reduce the transparency of the product, such as: fillers, using recycled plastic ... Therefore, the clarifier is an effective solution to solve the problem. Solve this problem, both increase the gloss of the product, while helping to reduce costs for manufacturers.

Using only a low rate of increased grain clarity, potential quality and cost, benefits can be achieved through reduced cycle time and energy savings. With a small amount of insertion, the increase in internal plastic additive does not adversely affect the ability of welding, gluing or processing properties as well as the adhesion of printing ink, glue ...

Application:

Plastic additive are used and applied in palstic field, which mostly are used in:

  • With PP plastic: household products, pp film, profiled film, box tray ...
  • With PE plastic: LLDPE packaging, plastic net, household plastic, HDPE foam bag ...

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Fillers for plastic: Filler masterbatch 

Filler masterbatch (taical) is a calcium carbonate (CaCO3) based filler - calcium carbonate filler, used in the plastics industry to change the different properties of the resin or polymer resin, for the purpose of reducing product costs for customers. .

Taical  - filler masterbatch are processed by melting a mixture of stone - Calcium carbonate powder, plastic additive and primary resin into a liquid resin, then cooled, cut into small particles. These particles will be mixed with virgin plastic and continue to undergo processing processes such as film blowing, spinning, injection molding ... to create plastic products.

Application:

Plastic additive areapplied in those fields:

  • Reduce costs in the production of films, plastic packaging, shopping bags, and PE plastic bags.
  • Producing ceiling panels, frames, plastic doors.
  • Producing PVC pipes and plastic accessories, electric cables.
  • Application in molding, injection molding other plastic products ...

PP stiffening plastic additive

In the process of processing PP plastic, depending on the type of plastic and the nature of the product, the plastic affects the shrinkage, the product is often warped, uneven shape ... causing difficulties in the process. assembly and use. There are many reasons that can be mentioned, typically due to the limited cooling process, which does not help the product to form quickly.

The hardener will help the product form quickly, making the product clearer, without warping or distortion. Not only that, the hardener also helps reduce the pressing cycle, thereby increasing production efficiency, helping to reduce costs.

UV resistance (anti - UV plastic additive)

When exposed to sunlight or some other artificial light, UV rays can break the bonds in a polymer. This is the photochemical degradation process and is the main cause of bond breakage, chalking, color change and deterioration of the physical properties of the polymer.

To counteract the destruction of UV light, a solution is to use a free radical scavenger - Hindered Amine Light Stabiliers (HALS). HALS is extremely effective against light degradation for most polymers. They do not absorb UV but work by reacting with free radicals (which are responsible for polymer degradation). Thereby helping plastic products retain their mechanical properties, prolong the use time for plastic products. With very little HALS content, a significant effect can be achieved.

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Anti - static plastic additive

During the processing process, the plastic particles constantly rub together, forming electrostatic attraction. This leads to a certain amount of dust on the plastic surface, reducing the transparency as well as the aesthetics of the product.

Anti-static plastic additive particles are created to link between the substrate resin with the antistatic component, which is used to reduce the ability to charge on the surface of the membrane, making the production safer and more efficient. At the same time, minimizing the situation of suction, dust adhesion to products when displaying and storing.

There are 2 types of antistatic plastic additive:

  • Non-durable antistatic: includes surface desiccants, organic salts, glycol, polyethylene glycol ..
  • Long lasting antistatic: polyhydroxypolyamines (PHPA), polyalkylene and polyacrylic copolymers.

Application: Antistatic plastic additive are used to remove static electricity for PE, PP ... resins in the fields of:

  • Blown film film
  • Injection molding, pipe extrusion, bottle blowing.

Plastic Additive against block, adhesion

Clumping or clumping is the adhesive between the films tightly together, it is difficult to separate them from each other. The cause of this phenomenon can be due to: affinity for each other, opposite charge, due to vacuum ...

This phenomenon causes many difficulties in the production process:

  • Difficult to open the mouth of the packaging bags, causing time consuming
  • It makes it difficult to put the product inside the bag, sometimes causing a spillage ...

The anti-clumping agent makes the surface of the membrane rough (rough) so that air can easily interfere with the membranes, eliminating the vacuum effect. In some special cases, the antistatic component is added, thanks to the entering of air, the steam will together and block the charge on the membrane surface. Thereby eliminating the clumping phenomenon that has elements due to charge.

The composition of the antifreeze can be either inorganic or organic:

  • Inorganic: Silica, Talc, CaCO3, Alumina silicate, Kaoline, Mica, ... Depending on the thickness of the membrane, different inorganic particles are required.
  • Organic: Ethylene BisSteramide, Stearyl erucamide, Glycerol monostearate, zinc stearate, teflon, ...

Fire retardant plastic additive

Most resins are highly flammable due to their carbon-chain molecular structure. Therefore, to enhance the fire resistance of this material, fire retardant additives with the following mechanism are used:

  • Creates a protective layer on the surface of the solid phase (intumescence layer)
  • Free radical quenching works on gas phase

Some common flame retardant additives:

  • Halogen flame retardant: contains halogen polymer
  • DOPO derivatives: hydroxyl / amine derivatives of polyphenols, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate ...
  • Inorganic flame retardant: Aluminum hydroxide [Al (OH) 3], Magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH) 2], Red phosphorus, expanded graphite, Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) ...
  • Organic flame retardant: N - diamino - benzene (2- hydroxy) 4 dibenzyl ester acids; dimethyl methylphosphate (DMMP).

Anti-dew plastic additive

The term "fogging" is used to describe the condensation of water vapor on plastic film in the form of small, individual water droplets. Frostbite occurs when air masses with water vapor are enclosed and cooled to temperatures below condensing. Water vapor condensation is commonly observed when food in plastic packaging is stored in refrigerators and in greenhouses. To overcome this phenomenon, antifouling agents were researched and developed.

Anti-fog agents, also known as anti-fog agents, are chemicals that prevent the condensation of water in the forms dripping on that surface like mist. Common anti-dew additives:

  • PLA: is a fatty polyester that is similar to PET in terms of its surface energy and polarization characteristics compared to olefin.
  • Lanxess AF DP1-1701: A water-in-aqueous anti-dew and anti-condensation coating system used for hard plates, multi-wall panels, corrugated boards and other finished products made from polycarbonate, injection molding products derived from the same material ...

Optical bleaching additive

Optical bleach (often called "super bleach") is an ingredient used relatively commonly in the plastic industry. They have high absorption of sub-ultraviolet and ultraviolet light, converting the absorbed light energy into visible light waves ranging in color from blue to purple. They emit light, so they are also known as luminescent.

When using optical bleach significantly improves the appearance and color of the product because:

  • Helps less discoloration of the product (especially when the product uses scrap)
  • Make colors brighter, more vibrant.

Some of today's fluorescent bleach:

  • OB-1: suitable for whitening polyester, nylon, poly propylene, PVC, ABS, EVA, polystyrene ...
  • OB: odorless, light green powder, soluble in most organic solvents such as alkanes, fats, mineral oils, paraffins.
  • KCB: Kelly powder is bright, non-toxic, odorless and insoluble in water, heat resistant.
  • KSB: light color powder, non-toxic, odorless, insoluble in water, but dissolves mostly in organic solvents.
  • FP (127): high whiteness, good color, high heat resistance and corrosion resistance, soluble in organic solvents, good compatibility with PVC and polystyrene.
  • DBH: has strong fluorescence intensity, high whiteness, heat resistance at 330C
  • KSN: good compatibility with plastic, high temperature durability and good corrosion resistance, suitable for whitening polyester and plastic.
  • KB: Strong fluorescence intensity and high whiteness, heat resistance.

Biodegradation support plastic additive

The complete decomposition of plastic will take a long time, which is an alarming environmental problem today. A decomposition additive controls the decomposition process and turns the plastic at the end of the cycle into a material with completely different molecular structures. This structure is capable of decomposition into simple molecules such as: CO2, H2O, CH4, inorganic compounds or biomass ...

Currently on the market there are many additives to support biodegradation in plastic production. They are mostly synthesized from environmentally friendly organic substances. Reverte additives are prominent among these. Reverte has the function of turning non-biodegradable products such as plastic bags or nylon bags into an object with biodegradable properties like a nature entity (similar to leaves, plants and animals ... .). Reverte's main task is to continuously shorten the polyolefin molecular chain, under the influence of oxygen, sunlight and temperature.

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